The Early History of Broadway Musicals

Broadway as a symbolthe street blazed with electric signs as each
Broadway is the street in New York that hastheater announced its shows and stars in white
come to symbolize live theater entertainment andlights. By the turn of the 20th Century the street
musicals throughout the world. Today the area,had an entirely different look, with as many as
known to tourists and theater-goers, stretchessixteen theaters on Broadway itself and many
from W.41st Street, where the Netherlanderothers located on the side streets or other
Theater is located, up to W. 53rd Street'savenues. Broadway was much more than a mere
Broadway Theater. Only four theaters are locatedtwelve blocks. It started at 13th Street and
physically on Broadway, the Marquis at 46thwound its way a mile and a half up the Avenue
Street, the Palace at 47th Street, the Winterto 45th Street, ending in the heart of Long acre
Garden at 50th Street and the Broadway at 53rd.Square. This first decade of the century also saw
All the other legitimate houses are located east orthe construction of many theaters, most notably
west of this twelve block stretch.the New Amsterdam on 42nd Street in 1903,
Broadway Stars.along with four others in that same year, that are
By the 1830's America was exporting stars tostill standing today.
Europe. The first notable American actor to makeOur Broadway.
a successful tour was Edwin Forrest, who atThe first decade of the 20th Century was both
nineteen, had played Iago to Edmond Kean'sboring and transformational in the history of our
Othello. Forrest's second tour of Great Britain, inBroadway Musicals. The seeds of that
the following decade didn't fare as well. He wastransformation go back to 1882, and the
hissed off stage. Though the disruption of his tourconstruction of The Madison Square Theater at
was a personal feud with a British actor, its24th Street. The Mallory's, who had built the
results were well publicized in the American Presstheater, had employed a young actor-manager
and his return to the American stage wasfrom San Francisco along with two brothers from
received with populist fervor. This "personal feud"the lower Eastside to help manage the theater.
became an international incident andDavid Belasco, who had the distinction of
demonstration of class struggle in 1849, when theappearing on stage with another unknown child,
British actor in question was scheduled to performMaude Adams, in San Francisco in 1877, was soon
at the Astor Place Opera House in New York. Ato become a playwright, theater owner and
riot ensued on the night of May 10th which wasbuilder. The two brothers from the lower Eastside
put down with troops and cannon.were, of course, Charles and Daniel Frohman. The
Broadways first marquis.first sign of the transformation occurred when
In 1891, the first electric marquis was lit onproducer Rudolf Aronson decided to build a
Broadway. The theater was on Madison Square attheatre of his own. At the time, theatres were
the intersection of Broadway and Fifth Avenue atconcentrated between Union Square and 24th
W. 23rd Street. The Flatiron Building now occupiesStreet.
the site. By midway through the following decade,