| Opera was invented in Florence, Italy towards the | | | | languages. The most famous composers include |
| latter part of the 16th century by a group of | | | | Strauss, Tchaikovsky, Wagner, Handel, Verdi, |
| wealthy intellectuals and musicians. Their goal was | | | | Puccini, Monteverdi, Mozart, Berlioz, Britten, and |
| to reproduce the dramas of the ancient Greeks | | | | Janacek. |
| using the plays and text that already existed. | | | | Opera finally made its way to America in the |
| Europe was in the throes of the Renaissance | | | | 1800's, brought by immigrants from Europe. The |
| period and during that time, architects, musicians, | | | | Metropolitan Opera House in New York City is the |
| and writers became fascinated with ancient | | | | most famous opera theater in America and was |
| cultures, particularly the Greeks. The ancient plays | | | | opened in 1883. Despite the proliferation of |
| indicated that music was used as an | | | | modern writers and composers, the most popular |
| accompaniment; however, no music had been | | | | operas performed worldwide to this day were |
| recorded. The Renaissance Italians began reciting | | | | written during the 18th and 19th century. |
| the plays out loud and adding musical notes as | | | | Opera glossary: |
| they recited. This eventually caused them to start | | | | Aria: Instrumental or vocal melody. |
| singing the text as they recited and led to the | | | | Ballad Opera: Dance, dialogue, and song combined. |
| invention of opera. | | | | Finale: The last part of the play. |
| In 1607, Monteverdi invented the very first opera | | | | Musical Comedy: Songs, music, and dancing. |
| which he titled La Favola d'Orfeo, which translated | | | | Operetta: A cheerful opera. |
| means The Legend of Orpheus. This opera is still | | | | Overture: Musical piece at the start of the opera. |
| performed today, over 400 years later. The first | | | | Synopsis: An operas story. |
| operas emphasized the words of the dramas with | | | | Baritone: Deep male voice, usually an evil |
| music merely playing second fiddle to the | | | | character. |
| narrative during small interludes. However, as | | | | Bass: Deepest male voice, usually old, wise or |
| professional composers became involved, they | | | | funny men. |
| added choruses, dances, and complicated, showy | | | | Castrato: Singer who has been castrated to |
| songs called Arias to showcase the actor's vocal | | | | preserve their childlike vocal tone. |
| talents. | | | | Contralto: Rare, dark female voice, usually an old |
| Venice opened the first opera house in 1637 and | | | | woman, witch, or grandmother. |
| quickly became the center of opera with the | | | | Mezzo-soprano: Second highest female voice, |
| opening of 16 additional opera theaters. Popularity | | | | usually a temptress, witch, or mature woman. |
| spread through Italy and then on to England, | | | | Prima Donna: Lead female singer, usually the most |
| Spain, Russia, Germany, Portugal, France, and the | | | | popular singer in the play. |
| rest of Europe. The major opera centers of the | | | | Soprano: Highest female singer, usually the heroine |
| 1700's were London, Naples, Paris, and Vienna. | | | | but can be other funny characters. |
| While operas were first written in Italian, | | | | Tenor: Highest male singers. |
| eventually composers began writing in their native | | | | |